During plant development or interactions with pathogens, Womens Dresses modifications of the plant cell wall occur.Among the enzymes involved, pectinases, particularly polygalacturonases (PGases), play a crucial role in the controlled hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides, leading to the formation of oligogalacturonides (OGs).These pectin-derived
ABSTRACT Small proteins consisting of 50 or fewer amino acids have been identified as regulators of larger proteins in bacteria and eukaryotes.Despite the importance of these molecules, the total number of small proteins remains unknown because conventional annotation pipelines usually exclude small open reading frames (smORFs).We previously identi
Abstract Background Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has reached a stage where it is possible to comprehensively analyze the whole proteome of a cell in one experiment.Here, the employment of stable isotopes has become a standard technique to yield relative abundance values of proteins.In recent times, more and more experiments are conducted that
In most of the prior designs of conventional cable-driven hyper-redundant robots, the multiple degree-of-freedom (DOF) bending motion usually SUPER has bending coupling effects.It means that the rotation output of each DOF is controlled by multiple pairs of cable inputs.The bending coupling effect will increase the complexity of the driving mechani